Edward Snowden
(Reuters/Vincent Kessler)
tanahMALAyu - Pengawasan
Kerajaan tidak lagi mensasarkan individu, tetapi seluruh penduduk, bekas
kontraktor CIA Edward Snowden berkata. Pemberi maklumat itu muncul melalui pautan
video dalam perdebatan Toronto ke atas program perisikan NSA.
Mengulas
mengenai telatah Agensi Keselamatan Negara (NSA), yang telah diterangkan pada
masa lalu sebagai "Orwellian dalam alam semula jadi," Snowden berkata
setiap rakyat dipengaruhi oleh program perisikan.
"Ia
tidak lagi berdasarkan amalan paip tradisional disasarkan berdasarkan beberapa
syak wasangka individu tentang salah laku, "kata Snowden dalam video
ringkas. "Ia meliputi panggilan telefon, e-mel, teks, carian sejarah, apa
yang anda beli, yang mana rakan-rakan anda, di mana anda pergi, yang anda kasihi
(who you love)"
Link
video Snowden telah ditayangkan semasa perdebatan Munk di Toronto, di mana
bekas pengarah Pentadbiran Keselamatan Negara Amerika Syarikat Ketua Michael
Hayden dan undang-undang Profesor Harvard Alan Dershowitz ‘went head to head’
dengan Glen Greenwald dan Reddit pengasas Alexis Ohanian yang banyaknya
pengawasan kerajaan.
Greenwald
yang bekerja dengan Snowden menerbitkan
bahan dikelaskan yang dia bocor di NSA, berhujah bahawa kerajaan perlu
menggunakan pengawasan yang disasarkan, tidak sewenang-wenangnya kaedah ditahan
itu sedang digunakan.
Hayden
& Dershowitz, bagaimanapun, terperangkap kepada pendirian kerajaan Amerika,
mengekalkan pengawasan yang perlu untuk memastikan keselamatan negara.
Snowden
ditangani perdebatan dari Rusia, di mana beliau kini menetap sekarang selepas
diberikan suaka politik sementara di negara ini pada bulan Jun tahun lepas.
Pemberi maklumat itu terpaksa tinggal di Rusia selepas Washington mengeluarkan
suatu perintah ekstradisi terhadapnya dan didakwa di bawah Akta Perisikan.
Sejak
pautan keselamatan Snowden mendedahkan NSA mensasarkan berjuta-juta rakyat
serta kerajaan asing dengan pengawasan, pemimpin-pemimpin DUNIA telah
menyamakan kedudukan kritikan di Washington.
Canselor
Jerman Angela Merkel melawat White House pada hari Jumaat buat kali pertama
sejak dia menemui komunikasi peribadi beliau telah menjadi sasaran oleh NSA
tahun lepas.
Ayat-ayat
pada mulanya dicetuskan retorik puntung berapi dari pemimpin Jerman yang
menyamakan agensi kepada Stasi polis rahsia Jerman Timur.
lawatan
terakhirnya ini melihat Merkel menerima pakai pendirian yang lebih tentatif
kepada isu ini dan berkata bahawa "di bawah keadaan sekarang "Amerika
Syarikat dan Jerman mempunyai" perbezaan pendapat" untuk diatasi.
Washington
mendakwa ia telah membuat beberapa perubahan kepada dasar-dasar pengintipan
domestik dan antarabangsa berikutan ayat-ayat Snowden.
"Di
dalam negara, kami cuba untuk memberi jaminan tambahan kepada rakyat Amerika
bahawa privasi mereka dilindungi. Tetapi apa yang saya juga telah lakukan
adalah mengambil langkah tidak pernah berlaku sebelum pesanan masyarakat
perisikan kita untuk mengambil kepentingan peribadi orang bukan Amerika Syarikat
kira-kira dalam segala-galanya yang mereka lakukan, "kata Obama pada
Jumaat.
Lanjut/READ
MRE: http://on.rt.com/ybngr6
Everyone
is under Government Surveillance Now – Snowden
Government
surveillance no longer targets individuals, but entire populations, former CIA
contractor Edward Snowden has said. The whistleblower appeared via video link
in a Toronto debate over the NSA intelligence gathering programs.
Commenting
on the antics of the National Security Agency, which have been described in the
past as “Orwellian in nature,” Snowden said every citizen is affected by
intelligence gathering programs
"It's
no longer based on the traditional practice of targeted taps based on some
individual suspicion of wrongdoing," Snowden said in the brief video.
"It covers phone calls, emails, texts, search history, what you buy, who
your friends are, where you go, who you love."
Snowden’s
video link was screened during a Munk debate in Toronto, where former US
National Security Administration director General Michael Hayden and Harvard
law Professor Alan Dershowitz went head to head with Glen Greenwald and Reddit
co-founder Alexis Ohanian over government surveillance.
Greenwald,
who worked with Snowden publishing the classified material he leaked on the
NSA, argued that governments should use targeted surveillance, not the
indiscriminate, dragnet method currently in use. Hayden and Dershowitz,
however, stuck to the American government stance, maintaining that surveillance
is necessary to ensure national security.
Snowden
addressed the debate from Russia, where he is currently residing after being
granted temporary political asylum in the country in June of last year. The
whistleblower was forced to stay in Russia after Washington issued an
extradition order against him and charged him under the Espionage Act.
Since
Snowden’s security links revealed the NSA targets millions of citizens as well
as foreign governments with its surveillance, world leaders have leveled
criticism at Washington.
German
Chancellor Angela Merkel visited the White House on Friday for the first time
since she discovered her personal communications were being targeted by the NSA
last year. The revelations initially triggered firebrand rhetoric from the
German leader, who likened the agency to the Stasi secret police of East
Germany.
This
latest visit saw Merkel adopt a more tentative stance to the issue and said
that “under present conditions” the US and Germany have “differences in
opinion” to overcome.
Washington
claims it has made some changes to its domestic and international espionage
policies following the Snowden revelations.
“Domestically,
we tried to provide additional assurances to the American people that their
privacy is protected. But what I've also done is taken the unprecedented step
of ordering our intelligence community to take the privacy interests of non US
persons into account in everything that they do,” said Obama on Friday.
